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NEET Quiz
Test your medical knowledge with these MCQ questions
Question 1
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : All vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrate.
Reason (R) : The members of subphylum vertebrata possess notochord during the embryonic period, the notochord is replaced by cartilaginous or bony vertebral column in adults.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
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(A) is true but (R) is false
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B (A) is false but (R) is true
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Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
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Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
Explanation: Members of the sub-phylum Vertebrata possess a notochord during their embryonic stage. This notochord is later replaced by a cartilaginous or bony vertebral column in the adult stage, distinguishing vertebrates within the chordates. Hence, while all vertebrates are chordates due to the presence of a notochord, not all chordates are vertebrates, as some retain the notochord throughout their life.
Question 2
Each of the following characteristics represent a Kingdom proposed by Whittaker. Arrange the following in increasing order of complexity of body organization.
A. Multicellular heterotrophs with cell wall made of chitin.
B. Heterotrophs with tissue/organ/organ system level of body organization.
C. Prokaryotes with cell wall made of polysaccharides and amino acids.
D. Eukaryotic autotrophs with tissue/organ level of body organization.
E. Eukaryotes with cellular body organization.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
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A,C,E,D,B
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C,E,A,B,D
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A,C,E,B,D
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C,E,A,D,B
Explanation: C. Monera-Prokaryotes with cell wall made up of polysaccharide.
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E. Protista - Unicellular eukaryotes.
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A. Fungi -Multicellular heterotrophic with cell wall made up of chitin.
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D. Plantae - Eukaryotes autotrophs with tissue body organisation.
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B. Animalia - Heterotrophs with tissue organ/system of body organisation
Question 3
Match List-I with List-II:
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A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
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A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
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A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
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A-IV, B-II, С-III, D-I
Explanation: Euglenoids – Dual Nutrition Protists 🧫🌱🍴
Euglenoids are special types of tiny organisms (protists) that can eat like animals and make food like plants!
☀️ In sunlight: They act like plants. They have chloroplasts (green parts) that help them do photosynthesis and make their own food.
🌑 In darkness: They can’t do photosynthesis, so they switch to eating organic matter (like small particles or dead stuff) just like animals.
This ability to switch between two modes – making food and eating food – makes Euglenoids very unique!
(2) Dinoflagellates are mostly photosynthetic, which means they make their own food using sunlight, just like plants.
They have chloroplasts (green parts) that help in photosynthesis.
These tiny organisms are an important part of phytoplankton – the “plant” part of the plankton in oceans.
🐟 They are super important in the aquatic food chain, feeding many small sea creatures.
👉 Think of dinoflagellates as tiny ocean plants that float in water and help keep the food web going!
(3) Slime moulds are heterotrophic organisms that obtain nutrition by decomposing dead organic matter. They are saprophytic, playing an essential role in the decomposition and recycling of organic materials in ecosystems.
(4) Plasmodium is a parasitic protozoan responsible for causing malaria in humans. It obtains its nutrients from its host by invading red blood cells and consuming their contents. It is a parasitic mode of nutrition, relying on a host for survival and reproduction.
Question 4
Q1: Which one of the following is not a criterion for classification of fungi?
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Morphology of mycelium
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Mode of nutrition
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Mode of spore formation
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Fruiting body
Explanation: Fungi are classified mainly based on their structure and reproduction, not on how they eat.
Criteria used in classification:
Morphology of Mycelium 🧵
Mycelium = vegetative body of fungi
Can be:
Septate (has cross walls)
Coenocytic (no cross walls)
Mode of Spore Formation 🌬️
Spores = main reproductive units
Can be:
Asexual (sporangiospores, conidia)
Sexual (ascospores, basidiospores)
Type of Fruiting Body 🍄
Fruiting body = visible spore-producing structure (like mushrooms)
Varies among groups → used for identification
❌ NOT a classification criterion:
Mode of Nutrition 🍽️
All fungi are heterotrophic
Can be:
Saprophytic (dead matter)
Parasitic (living host)
Mutualistic (beneficial partnerships)
➤ This is more ecological, not taxonomic.
Question 5
Match List I with List II
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(a) A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I
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(b) A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
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(c) A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
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(d) A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
Explanation: A. Rhizopus → III. Bread mould
Grows on stale bread
Commonly called black bread mold
Belongs to class Zygomycetes
🔹 B. Ustilago → II. Smut fungus
Infects crops like corn and grains
Causes black, powdery smut disease
Belongs to class Basidiomycetes
🔹 C. Puccinia → IV. Rust fungus
Causes rust disease in wheat
Part of the Puccinia graminis complex
Also a Basidiomycete
🔹 D. Agaricus → I. Mushroom
Includes the edible button mushroom
Familiar grocery-store mushroom
Also a Basidiomycete
✅ Final Answer:
A–III, B–II, C–IV, D–I
👉 This matches Option A
Question 6
The asexual spores of deuteromycetes are (NEET 2024)
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(a) Aplanospores
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(b) Conidia
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(c) Zoospores
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(d) Basidiospores
Explanation: Deuteromycetes, also known as imperfect fungi, reproduce asexually through spores called conidia. These spores are produced exogenously on specialized structures called conidiophores. Other options such as aplanospores and zoospores are associated with different fungal groups, while basidiospores are produced by basidiomycetes.
Question 7
Match List-I with List-II: (NEET 2024)
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(a) A-III, B-IV, C- II, D- I
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(b) A-IV, B-II, C- I, D- III
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(c) A-IV, B-III, C- II, D- I
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(d) A-IV, B-II, C- III, D- I
Explanation: A. Euglenoid: Euglenoids can switch between photosynthetic and heterotrophic modes, thus matching with IV.
B. Dinoflagellate: Many dinoflagellates are photosynthetic, aligning with III.
C. Slime mould: Slime moulds are primarily saprophytic, which corresponds to II.
D. Plasmodium: Plasmodium is a well-known parasitic organism, matching with I.
Question 8
Given below are two statements: (NEET 2022 Phase 1)
Statement I: Mycoplasma can pass through less than 1 micron filter size.
Statement II: Mycoplasma are bacteria with cell wall.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
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(a) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
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(b) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
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(c) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
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(d) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
Explanation: Mycoplasma are the smallest cells and are only 0.3 μm in length. So it can pass through less than 1 μm filter size.
Mycoplasma lack cell wall.
Question 9
Mad cow disease in cattle and Cr Jacob disease in humans are due to infection by ______ (NEET 2022 Phase 2)
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(a) Prion
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(b) Bacterium
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(c) Virus
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(d) Viroid
Explanation: Prions are abnormally folded proteins. They cause mad cow disease in cattle and Cr Jacob disease in humans.
Question 10
Which of the following statements is correct? (NEET 2021)
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(a) Organisms that depend on living plants are called saprophytes.
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(b) Some of the organisms can fix atmospheric nitrogen in specialized cells called sheath cells.
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(c) The fusion of two cells is called Karyogamy.
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(d) Fusion of protoplasms between two motile on non-motile gametes is called plasmogamy.
Explanation: In some blue-green algae specialised cells called heterocyst fixes atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia.
Fusion of two nuclei is called Karyogamy.
Organisms that depend on living plants are parasites, saprophytes grow on dead material.
Fusion of protoplasts of two cells is called plasmogamy.
Question 11
Which of the following is correct about viroids? (NEET 2020)
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(a) They have DNA with protein coat.
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(b) They have free DNA without protein coat.
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(c) They have RNA with protein coat.
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(d) They have free RNA without protein coat.
Explanation: Viroids are the smallest infectious agents known, even smaller than viruses.
They are made of only a short, circular RNA molecule.
They do not have a protein coat (unlike viruses).
Viroids infect plants, causing various plant diseases.
Since they lack proteins, they depend entirely on the host cell for replication.
Example: Potato spindle tuber disease is caused by a viroid.
Question 12
Which of the following statements is incorrect? (NEET 2019)
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(a) Prions consist of abnormally folded proteins.
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(b) Viroids lack a protein coat.
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(c) Infective constituent in viruses is the protein coat.
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(d) Viruses are obligate parasites.
Explanation: Virus
Viruses are obligate parasites (they can only reproduce inside a host).
They contain genetic material that is either DNA or RNA, but never both.
The virus is made up of nucleic acid + protein coat, so it’s called a nucleoprotein.
The genetic material inside a virus is infectious and directs the host to make new viruses.
Viroid
Viroids are infectious RNA molecules without any protein coat (unlike viruses).
They are smaller than viruses and cause diseases mainly in plants.
The lack of a protein coat is why they are called viroids.
Prion
Prions are infectious agents made only of abnormally folded proteins.
They cause neurological diseases like Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans and scrapie in sheep.
Prions do not contain nucleic acids (no RNA or DNA).
Question 13
Which of the following statements is incorrect? (NEET 2019)
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(a) Yeasts have filamentous bodies with Iong thread-like hyphae.
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(b) Morels and truffles are edible delicacies.
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(c) Claviceps is a source of many alkaloid and LSD.
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(d) Conidia are produced exogenously and ascospores endogenously.
Explanation: Yeast is an unicellular sac fungus. It lacks filamentous structure or hyphae.
Question 14
Select the correctly written scientific name of Mango which was first described by Carolus Linnaeus : (2019)
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Mangifera indica
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Mangifera Indica
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Mangifera indica Car. Linn.
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Mangifera indica Linn
Explanation: According to rules of binomial nomenclature, the correct scientific name of mango is Mangifera indica Linn.
Question 15
Which among the following is not a prokaryote? (2018)
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A Mycobacterium
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Saccharomyces
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Oscillatoria
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Nostoc
Explanation: Saccharomyces are commonly known as sac fungi. All fungi are eukaryotes.
Prokaryotes include bacteria (Mycobacterium), cyanobacteria (Nostoc and Oscillatoria), mycoplasma and archaebacteria.Also all bacteria are prokarypte.
Question 16
Select the wrong statement. (NEET 2018)
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(a) Cell wall is present in members of fungi and plantae.
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(b) Mushrooms belong to basidiomycetes.
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(c) Pseudopodia are locomotory and feeding structures in sporozoans.
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(d) Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell in all kingdoms except monera.
Explanation: -Cell wall is present in the member of Fungi (made up of chitin) and Plantae (made up of cellulose).
-Pseudopadia are locomotory and feeding structures in Amoeboid Protozoans.
-Mitochondria and other membrane bound cell organelles are absent in prokaryote (Monera).
-Mushroom, rust and smut fungus belongs to the class basidiomycetes.
Question 17
After karyogamy followed by meiosis, spores are produced exogenously in ______. (NEET 2018)
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(a) Neurospora
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(b) Alternaria
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(c) Agaricus
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(d) Saccharomyces
Explanation: Basidium and Basidiospores in Basidiomycetes
In basidiomycetes (a group of fungi), karyogamy (fusion of nuclei) and meiosis occur inside a specialized cell called the basidium.
This process produces four haploid basidiospores.
These basidiospores are formed externally (exogenously) on the basidium.
Many basidia are grouped together to form a fruiting body called a basidiocarp (for example, a mushroom).
A common example of basidiomycetes is Agaricus, the typical edible mushroom.
Question 18
Which of the following organisms are known as chief producers in the oceans? (NEET 2018)
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(a) Dinoflagellates
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(b) Diatoms
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(c) Cyanobacteria
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(d) Euglenoids
Explanation: Diatoms – Chief Producers in Oceans
Diatoms are the most common type of phytoplankton found in oceans.
They contain chlorophyll, which allows them to perform photosynthesis and produce their own food.
As primary producers, diatoms form the base of the aquatic food chain.
The entire marine ecosystem depends on them for energy and oxygen production.
Because of their important role, diatoms are called the chief producers of the ocean.
Question 19
Ciliates differ from all other protozoans in: (NEET 2018)
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(a) Using flagella for locomotion.
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(b) Having a contractile vacuole for removing excess water.
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(c) Using pseudopodia for capturing prey.
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(d) Having two types of nuclei.
Explanation: Ciliates are a group of protozoans that are unique because they have two types of nuclei.
For example, Paramecium has:
A macronucleus, which controls everyday cell functions like metabolism and growth.
A micronucleus, which is involved in reproduction and genetic exchange.
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